2020, Vol.33, No.1

THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY 2023 KCI Impact Factor : 1.67

pISSN : 1229-0718 / eISSN : 2671-6542
https://journal.kci.go.kr/baldal

This study aims to explore influences of student-teacher relationships (STRs), child’s self-esteem (SE), prosocial behaviour (PB) on academic performance adjustment (APA) by applying structural equation modeling to 633 cases drawn from the 10th data collected for the PSKC by Korea Institute of Child Care and Education. The results of this study are as follows: First, the closeness in STRs had a significantly positive influence on SE and PB, and conflict in STRs had a negative influence on PB. However, conflict did not influence SE, and SE did not influence PB. Second, PB showed a partially mediated positive effect when closeness influenced APA. And PB had a fully mediated negative effect when conflict did. However, SE did not serve as a mediator for the influence of STRs on APA. These results suggest the need for the professional support programs to create and maintain intimate and positive STRs and to promote PB through empowering relationships, empathy, and social skills programs.

The current study explored admiration, which captures how much peers respect and want to be like particular youth, as a peer social status indicator. This study examined the nature and behavioral correlates of three types of social status (popularity, preference, and admiration) and the longitudinal associations between the three types of social status and adjustment behavioral profiles. Participants(N = 677-736, 5th and 6th graders) nominated peers for the three types of social status and a wide range of academic and social adjustment behaviors at Waves 1 and 2. Partial correlation analysis indicated that admiration was either weakly associated or not associated with popularity and preference. Admiration and preference were more strongly associated with academic engagement and prosocial behavior, whereas popularity was more strongly associated with aggression and problem behavior. Path models and cross-lagged models indicated that engaging in aggressive-disruptive behavior led to increased popularity and decreased preference and admiration. In contrast, engaging in prosocial-engaged behavior led to increased admiration. In addition, popularity predicted increased aggressive-disruptive behavior, while preference and admiration predicted increased prosocial-engaged behavior. The strength of the association was much greater for admiration than likability, and admiration further predicted decreased aggressive-disruptive behavior.

This study examined school dropout adolescents’ psychosocial trajectories across adolescence into emerging adulthood and whether these trajectories differed by adjustment status in emerging adulthood, as characterized by attainment of a high-school diploma and involvement in productive activities for the past 12 months. Using five waves’ of the School Dropout Panel data (n=295), latent growth modeling and multigroup analyses were conducted. Overall, the study sample showed significant decreases in perceived social stigma, academic elitism, parental maltreatment, and associations with delinquent peers over time. Additionally, 40.7% of the sample were classified in the positive adjustment group in emerging adulthood. Findings also indicate that the developmental trajectories of perceived social stigma, academic elitism, parental supports, and peer relationships significantly differed by the adjustment status in emerging adulthood. The results highlight that effective programs are needed to help these adolescents by addressing within group variabilities among school dropout adolescents.