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The Manpo Garrison and Manpo Cheomsa during early Joseon

  • The Review of Korean History
  • 2010, (97), pp.49-82
  • Publisher : The Historical Society Of Korea
  • Research Area : Humanities > History

KIM SOON NAM 1

1고려대학교

Accredited

ABSTRACT

Manpo was a garrison located in the most remote northern area of Pyeongan Province during the Joseon era. Manpo shared a border with the Jurchens, in particular the Jianzhou Wei. Due to its geographical position, Manpo was regarded as a strategic point for national defense and as a jobingno (path used by Jurchen envoys to Joseon). Prior to the reign of King Sejo, Manpo served as a small gateway to the Amnok (Yalu) River area. Moreover, it was common for a governmentofficial holding the position of Manho (萬戶) to be dispatched to this area. However, Manpo was upgraded to the status of jin (garrison) in 1460 (6th year of King Sejo) and a Senior Rank 3 official holding the post of Cheomsa (僉使) was dispatched to the area. Good-neighbor activities toward the Jurchens were carried out within the Manpo garrison, with the main focus of these activities being the Cheomsa, a government official with civil and military skills whose position was akin to that of Dangsanggwan (Senior Rank 3). The Manpo Garrison served as a center from which Joseon’s policy toward the Jurchens was actualized during early Joseon. More to the point, the activities involving the Jurchens conducted within the Manpo Garrison were directly related to the success of Joseon’s northern policy This study analyzes the Manpo Garrison and Manpo Cheomsa during early Joseon. First, an examination of the historical process through which Manpo was upgraded from guja to jin (garrison) is conducted. Second, an in-depth analysis of the appointment and dispatch of Cheomsa tothe Manpo Garrison is also carried out. Lastly, the functions of the Manpo Garrison as the northern hub for the establishment of friendly relations with the Jurchens is also delved into. To this end, this study seeks to reveal the characteristics of the management, as well as the actual situation on the ground, in Joseon’s northern area during early Joseon.

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