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Eastern Jurchen Pirates and their Invasions’ Unfolding during the 11th Century

  • The Review of Korean History
  • 2012, (107), pp.45-88
  • Publisher : The Historical Society Of Korea
  • Research Area : Humanities > History

Jeong, Yokeun 1

1덕성여자대학교

Accredited

ABSTRACT

Eastern Jurchen pirates’ invasions on Goryeo’s east coastal regions, which had emerged since the year of 1005, were the most intense in King Hyeonjong’s reign. Eastern Jurchen piracy in the 11th century was committed by Jurchen people belonging to Jurchen tribes called ‘Poromota’. ‘Poromota’ was a collective name on Eastern Jurchen tribes recorded in Liaoshi(遼史), and Poromota Jurchen tribes mainly resided in Duman River’s middle and lower basin, Posyet Bay area of current Russian Maritime Province, and northeast coastal regions of the Korean Peninsula. Because Poromota Jurchen tribes could not establish their own united kingdom, despite Eastern Jurchen’s invasions continued for about a hundred years, various differences based on time series are seen in terms of invasions’ scale and main body. Eastern Jurchen pirates’ invasions were the most intense during the early 11th century when Poromota Jurchen’s influence was the strongest, but after the 1030’s Goryeo’s influence was more expanded toward Jurchen tribes and the piracy dramatically shrank in. Although Eastern Jurchen invasions suddenly increased in around the year of 1050 due to familiarized relations between Poromota Jurchen and the Khitans, in the late 11th century Goryeo’s control over Eastern Jurchen tribes was solidified and Eastern Jurchen piraties’ invasions outstandingly decreased.

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