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Structure and Function of Chungcheong Sogeun-jin in Late Joseon Dynasty

  • The Review of Korean History
  • 2016, (124), pp.87-134
  • Publisher : The Historical Society Of Korea
  • Research Area : Humanities > History

SEO TAE WON 1

1목원대학교

Accredited

ABSTRACT

Sogeun-jin(所斤鎭) in Joseon Dynasty was located in Jowoon-ro(漕運路), which was close to the ocean and had an advantage of grasping movements of pirates and foreign armies in order to respond quickly. Therefore, Sogeun-jin became the base of Chungcheong(忠淸) navy in the early days of Joseon and also played an important role in Chungcheong navy in late Joseon. 145 names of Sogeun-cheomsa(所斤僉使) were confirmed through various materials such as 『The Diaries of the Royal Secretariat』. Of 127 Cheomsa with known tenure, 67 of them, approximately 52.76%, have worked more than 24 months, but some have been replaced before their tenure due to reasons such being evaluated with criticism or mistakes in escorting a cargo vessel. 1,306 soldiers were placed including Jin-bangjol(鎭防卒), Jusa-gun(舟師軍), navy, Sinsun-gun(新選軍), and Samjil-gun(三秩軍). Jusa-gun are soldiers who board on warships were in charge of the ocean defense, and they were consisted of 20 officers and 303 soldiers. Sogeun-jin’s district office buildings included Magistrate’s Office(東軒), jakcheong(作廳), janggwancheong(將官廳), amory, and daebyeoncheong(待變廳). However, no district office buildings currently exists because they were greatly damaged, due to reasons such as using lumber and roof tiles of Sogeun-jin in 1985 to restore Taean-gun(泰安郡) district office, which was burned because of Donghak-gun(東學軍) riot in 1894. 6 battleships were installed including 1 Jeon-sun(戰船), 1 Bang-sun(防船), 1 Byeong-sun(兵船), and 3 Sahoo-sun(伺候船), but the number of battleships in Sogeun-jin greatly decrease in late Joseon as battleships were placed in Anheungjin(安興鎭) and Taean-gun itself whereas battleships were only placed in Sogeun-jin in the early days of Joseon. Sogeun-jin’s financial sources included Sugunpojeon(水軍布錢), Gyeoljeon(結錢), Sinsungunjeon, Samjingunjeon, Siknyeonjeon(式年錢), Jeongwansae(傳關稅), Eogyo, and Dunsae(屯稅), and the total amount was 2,722 nyang 9 jun 2 pun and 17 seok of rice, 16 seok of foxtail millet, 2 seok of beans, and 3 seok of barley. These financial revenue were used for remodeling and repairing warships, payment replacement, purchase of paper, brushes, and ink stick, and repairing military equipment. Sogeun-jin was in charge of the ocean defense such as protecting residents’ lives and properties as well as vessels. The main task in the early day of Joseon was to defend Japanese invaders, but repulsing Hwangdang-sun(荒唐船) was the focus in late Joseon. Penalizing Cheomsa in the provincial office when faults were discovered in the ocean defense alerted everyone, and Sogeun-jin also was in charge of inspection and report of drifters and Iyang-seon(異樣船). Not only in charge of guiding Jowoon-sun by dividing Taean-gun waterways into three to Sogeun-jin, Anheungjin, and Taeangun, but also was responsible for commanding Jowoon-sun from Anheung Kwanjanghang(關障項) to Suwon(水原) Poong-do(楓島) coast by taking turns every year with Pyeongsin-jin(平薪鎭). Escort of Jowoon-sun was to protect Jowoon-sun from pirates and guide the waterways in order to safely reach the destination without sinking, and ensured escort by penalizing not only Sogeun-jin Cheomsa but also Gamsaek(監色) in charge of the guide.

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