2010, Vol., No.30

JOURNAL OF CHINESE STUDIES 2023 KCI Impact Factor : 0.33

pISSN : 1229-3806 / eISSN : 2765-6330
https://journal.kci.go.kr/kucsi

Analogous sentences(比擬式) historically underwent a ‘sudden mutation’ in nature from the ZX-structure(ZX型結構) to the XZ-structure(XZ型結構). In this process, the scope of vehicles(喩體) positioned before　‘似(□4)’ was widened from single noun, initially, through adjective and verb, even to subject-predicate sentence and complex sentence which have become generalized nowadays. Actually, in the traditional ZX-structure the grammatical function of ‘似’　was limited only to predicate, while in the XZ-structure newly appeared around the 12-13th centuries its using scope had a tendency to be extended even to attribute and adverbial. Of those linguistic phenomena, Mongolian ‘sig(□)’ and ‘似’ show an aspect quite similar to each other syntactically in meaning, function and usage as well as phonetically in pronunciation. Upon comprehensive examination before now, it is appropriate to consider that the aforementioned structural change in the analogous sentences of Chinese language is the end result not of the evolution of Chinese itself, but of the process of Mogolian ‘sig’'s usage being borrowed to Chinese, through language contact between the two languages. In the same context, the DXZ-structure(DXZ型結構) also seems to have been the product of a reaction to exclude any influence of Mongolian like ‘sig’ and return to Chinese linguistic conventions.

Separable words are a special language unit in Chinese. They have unique grammar characteristics. Because of the flexible transformation, it is a focal and difficult point in Chinese courses for foreigners. There is so much remarkable research achievements on separable words, while seldom of the researches are on separable words of the Outline of HSK Vocabulary. Basing on analysis, syntax structure, and Pragmatics of separable words, the author makes a thorough study to those words of the Outline of HSK Vocabulary.

熟語是反映一個民族的歷史､社會及文化背景的特殊的語言形式, 這種語言形式具有很强的表達功能, 因此, 要熟練地掌握某種語言, 對熟語的學習和運用是必不可少的｡但是, 由于熟語所負載的文化內容豐富而複雜, 正確地習得和運用熟語却幷非易事｡ ≪老乞大≫和≪朴通事≫是幾百年來我國培養漢語譯官時使用的漢語會話敎材, 本論文着重考察此兩種敎材所使用的熟語種類及其在諸板本裏的變化狀況｡據考察≪老乞大≫里使用了十七個熟語, ≪朴通事≫里共收錄七十二個熟語, 而且絶大多數設置在對話場面的結尾部分｡據本文分析當時流行的漢語熟語非常豐富, 而且此兩種敎材在熟語的選擇及設置語言環境方面, 卽使個別用例有些生硬､不自然, 但大部分使用得體､恰如其分, 可以看出當時的編寫者們爲掌握熟語而付出的心血｡這對于今天的編纂漢語敎材, 也將提供實用而有效的參考價値｡