2020, Vol.31, No.

A Study on the Public Trade and Private Trade of Japan in the 8th Century

ByungRo Lee | 2020, 31 | pp.5~33 | number of Cited : 0

PDF

The 『Sok-il-bon-gi』, which records the history of the Nara era in the 8th century, shows that more exchanges were made between Silla and Japan in this period than any other era. Most of the exchanges were unilateral from Silla to Japan. The two countries had a friendly relationship with external factors for a while in the early 8th century, but since the 830s, when external factors disappeared, they had returned each other’s public delegations and showed sharp political and diplomatic confrontations. On the other hand, it was also a time when Silla people actively developed trade in Japan. Of course, it goes without saying that this was because the royal family and nobles, who were Japanese ruling leaders at that time, desperately needed Silla's exchanging trade goods. Therefore, the trade relations between the two countries in the 8th century (Nara era) can be summarized as follows: First, the Japanese ruling class in the Nara period recognized Silla and Balhae as countries of the prosperity. However, this was because the Japanese ruling class was caught up in the ideology of the statute law and they embellished for their benefit, so the Silla ruling class did not accept it. Rather, Taeryeom Kim's public delegation in 752 conducted diplomacy with Japan an example of a higher country than Japan. Second, the Silla ruling class started to develop public trade by dispatching a large-scale public delegation from the mid 730s, based on the tribute trade system, which was learned from the (China) Tang dynasty. The typical example was the 700 people-consisted public delegation visit of Silla prince, Taeryeom Kim, in 752. Third, it is considered that the private trade in Japan actually began from 750s, when Silla merchants crossed over to Dazaifu. An article, in which the Japanese ruling class purchased a large amount of Silla exchanging trade items by using the officials of Dazaifu, tells it well. In the 9th century, the officials and barons of Dazaihu engaged in trade activities independently with Silla merchants. Fourth, since the 750s, the distribution system had been formed as Silla people constantly crossed over to Dazaihu. And Silla merchants had gradually resided in Dazaihu. These 'immigrated Silla people' became core members of the huge East-Asian trade area centered on Bogo Jang in the early 9th century along with the maritime forces of the 'immigrated (China) Tang people' on the south coast of the Korean peninsula. As such, since the trade area centered on the private trade were formed around Dazaihu from the mid 8th century, such an international maritime trader as Bogo Jang appeared in the early 9th century.

An Exploratory Study on Partnership between KOICA Overseas Volunteers and Host Agencies: Based on Analysis of Interviews with KOICA Coordinators

Oh, Jieun , HEON JOO JUNG | 2020, 31 | pp.35~66 | number of Cited : 4

PDF

An Analysis of Korea's Public Diplomacy through the Theories of International Relations

Lee Byung Jong | 2020, 31 | pp.67~107 | number of Cited : 0

PDF

Managing Gender Diversity in the Ethiopian Government

Nigusie Tadesse Zenebe , 김판석 | 2020, 31 | pp.109~140 | number of Cited : 0

PDF

A Study on the Deadlock between Tennosei and Shinbutsu Shugo - Focusing on the role of the Shinbutsu Shugo -

park younghee , Shin Jong-Dae | 2020, 31 | pp.141~167 | number of Cited : 1

PDF

Analysis on the US-China Summit coverage of South Korea, US, and China Newspaper

myeongji Jin , Park Kyong Suk | 2020, 31 | pp.169~193 | number of Cited : 4

PDF

This study wanted to analyze how the U.S.-China summit, which was held for the first time since the inauguration of U.S. President Trump, is an important issue for South Korea, which is in a direct position to deal with the crisis on the Korean Peninsula, and how the U.S.-China summit is being reported in the media in each country. The analysis targets were the Chosun Ilbo, the New York Times, and the People's Daily, and the analysis period was one week before and after the U.S.-China summit from March 30, 2017 to April 13, 2017, a total of two weeks of newspapers and 107 articles. The analysis is based on the total number of news reports, type of articles, news frames, and attitude, and as a result, the Chosun Ilbo reported 58 cases (54.2%), the New York Times 35 cases (32.7%), and the People's Daily 14 cases (13.1%) with the largest number of reports. In the case of type of articles, all three newspapers had the largest number of straight articles, with 44 cases (75.9 percent), 21 cases (60 percent) in the New York Times, and 10 cases (71.4 percent) in the People's Daily, with a total of 75 cases (70.1 percent) being straight articles. In the case of the next Chosun Ilbo and the New York Times, 11 (19%) and 8 (22.9%) articles were reported by the editorial (Opinion), respectively. In the case of the press coverage of the planned/announced (in-depth coverage), two Chosun Ilbo (3.4%) and two People's Daily (14.3%) were reported, while six New York Times (17.1%) were reported. The New York Times and the People's Daily newspaper had the largest number of articles on alliance frames, with 22 (62.9 percent) and 7 (50 percent), respectively, while the Chosun Ilbo had the largest number of other items (36.2 percent) such as simple summit schedules and gossip articles. Finally, the Chosun Ilbo had the most neutral attitude with 43 cases (74.1 percent), followed by 10 negative attitudes (17.2 percent) and 5 positive attitudes (8.6 percent). In the New York Times, 19 cases (54.3%) were negative attitudes, 14 cases (40%) were neutral attitudes and 2 cases (5.7%) were positive attitudes. In the case of the People's Daily, positive attitudes and neutral attitudes accounted for six cases (42.9 percent), respectively, while negative attitudes were two cases (14.2 percent).

The effect of tax complexity on foreign direct investment inflows

Kang, Seok-Min | 2020, 31 | pp.195~214 | number of Cited : 0

PDF

KJCKorea
Journal Central

JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL STUDIES 2024 KCI Impact Factor : 0.74

2020, Vol.31, No.